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Croatia

Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe. It shares a coastline along the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Italy to the west and southwest. Croatia’s capital and largest city, Zagreb, forms one of the country’s primary subdivisions, with twenty counties. The country spans an area of 56,594 square kilometres (21,851 square miles), hosting a population of nearly 3.9 million.

Shkodra Lake
Green and Resilient by Accession: A Competitiveness Agenda for the Western Balkans Policy Papers & Analyses

Green and Resilient by Accession: A Competitiveness Agenda for the Western Balkans

1. Introduction The return of enlargement to the centre of European strategy has changed the political meaning of the Western Balkans’ green transition. Climate alignment can no longer be treated as a distant requirement to be fulfilled at the end of accession negotiations, nor as a narrow environmental obligation added…
Andrea Bogoni
2026-05-30
Tuzla,Thermal,Power,Plant,Is,A,Coal-fired,Thermal,Power,Plant
The CBAM and the Electricity Sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Implications and Challenges Briefs & Commentary

The CBAM and the Electricity Sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Implications and Challenges

By Ivan Majstorovic (LinkedIn), Energy Market Researcher and Analyst. 1. Summary The European Union is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the share of renewable energy, and improving energy efficiency. Accordingly, the energy transition within the European Union (EU) began in the early 21st century and accelerated following the…
Guest Author
2026-05-27
Serbia protests
Strategic ambiguity and popular mobilisation: Serbia’s position in the post-Yugoslav and European space Briefs & Commentary

Strategic ambiguity and popular mobilisation: Serbia’s position in the post-Yugoslav and European space

By Christian Costamagna, Ph.D. (LinkedIn), and Marco Uncini. 1. Introduction: The proclamation of Kosovo's independence in 2008 and political dynamics in the Western Balkans Kosovo's declaration of independence is a complex issue, encompassing its origins, the events that led to it and its consequences. We would like to begin with…
Marco Uncini
2025-07-30
3SI local meeting Lublin
Soft power in the Three Seas Initiative: its evolution after the 3Seas Local meeting in Lublin Briefs & Commentary

Soft power in the Three Seas Initiative: its evolution after the 3Seas Local meeting in Lublin

On 12-13 March 2025, the fifth edition of the 3Seas Local Government Congress and Economic Forum was held. With an attendance of 1,500 people from 29 countries, including delegations and heads of regions, it provided an opportunity to discuss important issues such as transport, energy, digitalization, international relations (particularly inter-…
Piotr Wójcik
2025-07-10
EU Flag, Albania, Macedonia, Serbia
Is the EU (Dream of) Enlargement in the Western Balkans Fading? Discussion with Francesco Trupia Interviews & Discussions

Is the EU (Dream of) Enlargement in the Western Balkans Fading? Discussion with Francesco Trupia

For decades, the prospect of EU enlargement in the Western Balkans (WB) was seen (and invested in) as a certain process (and return on investment) – one that would bring long-term stability and economic growth. Today's reality, however, tells a different story. While Brussels continues to reaffirm its commitment to…
Andrea Bogoni
2025-02-07
Croatian National Bank
Croatia and the Euro (Part 1): why did the country adopt the common currency? Policy Papers & Analyses

Croatia and the Euro (Part 1): why did the country adopt the common currency?

Despite challenging experiences with the Euro’s governance, particularly during the financial crisis, the rules for joining the monetary union have remained essentially unchanged since their inception, and Croatia has followed the path into the Eurozone as set out in the Maastricht Treaty. Croatia is the 20th country to decide to…
Andrea Bogoni
2023-06-03
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